Technology

From Narrow AI to Generative AI - What Has Changed?

Executive Insights Based on Public Interview
"We are witnessing the birth of a 'digital species' - an entity that is indistinguishable from humans in how it sees, hears, speaks, and acts."

From Instructions to Context

The shift from Narrow AI to Generative AI is a move from task-specific tools to generalist world models. In the past, we gave computers instructions; now, we give them context. This is made possible by transformer architecture that allows models to be indistinguishable from humans in how they see, hear, and speak.

"We are witnessing a shift from chatbots to agentic loops that control all digital tasks on a computer, effectively automating the core of knowledge work."

The Agentic Loop

The real breakthrough is the agentic loop: models that use computer tools natively. Tools like Claude Code represent this new moment where AI doesn't just "chat" - it produces a program, looks at the output, and refines it continuously.

As we scale compute, the reliability of these models is doubling every few months. We are delegating the execution of digital tasks, lowering the cost of cognitive labor toward zero.

Listen & Watch the Full Insights

INSEAD Digital Insights
INSEAD Digital Insights
Executive Transcript

Innovation: Start with the Human Pain Point

Innovation doesn't start with a model; it starts with the human pain point where your employee is losing the most time—the "50 clicks" or the manual document digitization. Build trust by co-creating with business teams; if you build AI in a basement, nobody will trust it.

The Sequence of Steps: Foundations First

Most transformations fail because they try to jump straight to AI while missing the organizational and technological foundations. You need a separate abstraction layer to sound like a single company to the outside world. Once that foundation is built, you can connect to the entire AI ecosystem instantly.

Moving to the "Agentic" Era

We are moving from humans giving instructions to machines acting for us. In the next two to three years, digital assistants will handle the clicks in your enterprise software. This is a tectonic shift that requires the workforce to start updating itself immediately to avoid the digital divide.

Banking On change event with KPMG and ECO Newspaper
Banking on Change with KPMG & ECO
Executive Transcript

Lost in the "Foam of the Days"

Most boards are "lost in the foam of the days"—distracted by chatbots while ignoring the tectonic shift beneath. While legacy sectors claim to have done AI for 15 years, they are stuck in a narrow, outdated paradigm. The new paradigm is the native ability to comprehend the world immediately—intent, documents, and multimodes.

The Agentic Loop and the End of Cognitive Labor Costs

We are now in the era of Reasoning and Computer Use. Models like Anthropic's can now navigate a computer, use tools, and produce programs in an agentic loop, refining their own work continuously. This drops the cost of cognitive labor toward zero. The ritmo of this acceleration is a tsunami.

Vision-Driven Leadership vs. The ROI Trap

Only 6% of companies are true AI performers. They are guided by vision, not immediate ROI. They don't hire dozens of companies to fix 20 parts of a legacy workflow; they prepare for the agent that will replace the entire workflow. The workforce must shift from "executing" to "supervising" the machine.

The Death of Friction: My Personal Agent

The future is not an app; it's your personal agent that wakes you up after scanning 300 competitors to tell you it found a better rate and already filled out the forms. This is the end of "brutal friction" in the customer interface. Success belongs to companies that master the triad of Data, AI, and Connectivity.

EFG International Insights
EFG International - Beyond the Benchmark
Executive Transcript

The All-In CEO Mindset

There are no shortcuts to digital excellence. You cannot buy this from a consultancy; the CEO must be "all in" and retrain themselves as an AI CEO. If the top management isn't leading the charge every week, the organization's immune system will kill the project.

Building the "Digital Twin" Sideways

To bypass the technical debt of 80 or 90 fragmented companies, you must build a digital representation or "digital twin" of your business sideways. This horizontal abstraction layer allows you to sound like a single company to your customers while providing the "semantic layer" and context AI needs to bring real value.

Measuring Success via Usage and Natural Outcomes

ROI spreadsheets for AI are often a lie. Success should be measured by usage—how often the intelligence is actually accessed to move faster. Outcomes like massive efficiency gains happen naturally once information moves in a "flash of a second".

Flops per Knowledge Worker

Intelligence now comes as a "log of compute". We are entering an era of a hybrid workforce where you scale through "compute" rather than just headcount. This is the path to the "single-person billion-dollar business," where one human conducts a digital symphony of a thousand non-human agents.